Leaves: crisped and incurved when dry, margins plane to narrowly incurved or recurved at middle, 1-stratose except on margins in distal half, cells smooth; alar cells undifferentiated. : Specialized asexual reproduction frequent, multicellular gemmae frequent on abaxial surface of leaves. Capsule: with annulus of 1–3 rows of somewhat separating cells; peristome smooth basally, papillose distally. Phenology: Capsules mature late fall–winter.

Forming short turf or tufts on tree trunks and decorticated logs, rarely in rock crevices. 1-1900 m. B.C., Alaska, Ariz., Calif., Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Wash., Asia, n Africa. Discussion.