Wet soil and peat.

Wet soil and peat.

Wet soil and humus.

Wet soil and peat.

Wet soil and peat.

Wet soil and peat.

Wet soil and peat, often under conifers., Lincoln County, Purcell Mountains, M. Arvidson 431 (ALTA, MONTU); Lake County, Swan River State Forest, D. Barton 256 (MONTU).

Dung of large boreal ungulates such as moose in boggy habitats., The most common species of the genus (Marino 2014). It is reported in Montana based on the FNA (2014); however, herbarium specimens or collection records have not been found.

Dung of boreal herbivores in wetland habitats., Reported by Jones (1910) from a collection near Big Fork. No specimen has been located.

Dung of large boreal ungulates (e.g., moose) in boggy habitats., Flathead County, willow swamp near Marion, A. J. Sharp M-24 (TENN).

Damp humus and rotting wood.

Damp soil, humus, and other organic matter., Glacier County, near Hanging Gardens, Glacier National Park, W. Schofield 12347, 12254 (DUKE).

Organic matter of animal origin.

Humus and rotting wood., Cascade County, Belt Mountains, R. S. Williams 109 (WIS, YU).

Humus and carnivore dung., Lewis and Clark County, Rimini, J. Elliott 972 (MONTU). The Montana collection represents the southernmost station in western North America (Marino 1988).

Carnivore dung, bones, and owl pellets., Lewis and Clark County, Indian Meadows fen, D. Barton 220 (MONTU).

Rotting wood and humus.

Rotting wood and peaty soil.

Dry, exposed calcareous soil and rock.

Soil, rock, and humus in calcareous habitats.

Soil and humus.

Soil and rock.

Soil and rock.

Rock.

Soil on roadside banks and moist sites., Flathead County, Birch Creek, Swan Range, A. Sharp 261 (F, CHSC, TENN, WIS).